notizie-1 — Safety

Research Summary: Pharmaceutical formulations in liquid form for oral administration are commonly utilized for geriatric and pediatric patients who have difficulty swallowing solid dosage forms. Rheology, texture, and stability are among the Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) that must be addressed in the development of oral liquid dosage forms. The distribution of pharmaceutical components relies on the manipulation of rheological properties and stabilization within these forms. The utilization of thickening agents to increase the viscosity of the liquid vehicle serves to reduce particle settling. Historically, sugars such as sucrose were used for this purpose, as well as for masking the taste...

Research Summary: The thermal behaviour of human stratum corneum (SC) with various hydration levels was studied using differential thermal analysis (DSC) within the temperature range of –130 to 120°C. SC containing 20% water, resembling the intact condition, shows thermal transitions at around –20°C (representing water in skin), –10, 40, and 70°C (representing skin lipids), 85°C (representing protein-associated lipids), and 100°C (representing skin protein). Dehydration of SC causes the transitions at –20 and 100°C to be invisible. Lipid extraction followed by dehydration eliminates all transitions. Further hydration produces a transition of water at around 0°C with a huge change in enthalpy....

Phenoxyethanol, or 2-phenoxyethanol, has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and has been widely used as a preservative in cosmetic products for decades. It is effective against various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as against yeasts, and has only a weak inhibitory effect on resident skin flora.According to the European Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, phenoxyethanol is safe for all consumers – including children of all ages – when used as a preservative in cosmetic products at a maximum concentration of 1%. Adverse systemic effects have been observed in toxicological studies on animals, but only when the levels of...

Research Summary: Nature is full of various nanomaterials and nanostructures that have inspired and helped human life and civilization in the advancement of science and technology. Among these materials are clays, which are abundantly found in rocks and earth structures. The mineral montmorillonite, known as a clay nanoparticle, is the major phase in bentonite. This nanoclay, with a thickness of about 10 angstroms, includes unique properties such as expansion, high specific surface area, and electrical properties. It also has a high cation exchange capacity and has found numerous applications in industry and research. Among its uses are its role as...