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Research Summary:Omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are desirable components of oils with special dietary and functional properties. Their therapeutic and health-promoting effects have already been established in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases through mechanisms such as modifications in cell membrane lipid composition, gene expression, cellular metabolism, and signal transduction. The application of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in common skin diseases has been examined in numerous studies, but the results and conclusions were often opposing and inconclusive. It seems that a combination of ω-6, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and ω-3 long-chain PUFAs supplementation exhibits the highest potential...

Research Summary: Niacinamide, also known as vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient that, once inside the body, is converted into the co-factors NADH and NADPH. These co-factors are involved in numerous biochemical reactions. A deficiency of this water-soluble vitamin, a member of the vitamin B family, causes pellagra, a disease characterized by dermatitis and red lesions. Pellagra led to thousands of deaths in the United States during the first half of the 20th century until dietary supplementation with niacinamide was found to cure the condition.As we age, NAD+ and NADPH levels in skin cells decline. Therefore, supplementing the skin with...

Research Summary: Proteins are fundamental to cell structure and function. They provide the necessary framework that gives cells their shape and are involved in nearly every task within a cell, from metabolism to DNA replication.Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and convey the genetic instructions for the production of proteins. These molecules ensure that proteins are synthesized in the appropriate quantity, at the correct time, and within the right cellular location.Phospholipids form the basic structure of cell membranes. These lipid molecules arrange themselves in a bilayer, creating a barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining...

Research Summary: Purpose: Two randomized, intra-individual comparison studies were performed in healthy subjects to evaluate the skin moisturization and barrier restoration potential of a new topical panthenol-containing emollient (NTP-CE) (Study 1) and its effect on skin microflora (Study 2).Methods: In Study 1 (N = 23), two skin areas, one challenged with 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution and one unchallenged, were treated with NTP-CE for 3 weeks. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, and intercellular lipid lamellae (ICLL) organization were measured at regular intervals during the study. In Study 2 (N = 20), quantitative bacterial cultures were obtained over 6...