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Research Summary Irritant contact dermatitis (or irritant contact eczema) is an inflammatory state of the skin caused by exposure to chemical and/or physical influences. It is a prevalent disease, and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) can be divided into two types:1. Acute ICD, which develops after a single contact with a strongly irritant substance.2. Subacute/chronic ICD, which develops as a result of cumulative, subliminal damage to the skin due to contact with weak irritants.This thesis focuses on chronic ICD caused by exposure to detergents. To simulate the use of detergents in daily life, it is important to adjust the laboratory exposure...

Research Summary The correct choice of cosmetic products and cleansers is crucial for improving skin hydration, providing moisturizing benefits, and minimizing cutaneous damage caused by surfactants. Surfactants, while essential for cleansing, can damage protein structures and solubilize lipids, leading to skin irritation. Soaps, which are the alkali salts of fatty acids, are among the oldest surfactants but tend to be quite aggressive on the skin. In contrast, syndets (synthetic detergents) vary in their composition and types of surfactants, which include anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and non-ionic varieties. These modern skin cleansing products also contain preservatives, fragrances, and sometimes emollients, humectants, and...

Research Summary Specific ion effects on protein interfaces have been observed for many years, but comprehensive explanations regarding the mechanism by which ions interact with proteins and more general aqueous interfaces are still under investigation. Ion specificity on protein stability is influenced by numerous contributions and interactions between the solution and the protein. However, the most significant contribution is arguably the hydrophobic effect, specifically the change in free energy when water molecules are liberated from the interfacial region upon protein folding. In the work presented here, the effects of different ions on the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1,2-Hexanediol were...

Research Summary Since the discovery of multipotent stem cells by Till and McCulloch in 1961, further elucidation of stem cells’ functions has identified them as key players in both facilitating the development of new cells and maintaining homeostasis of current normal cells. Stem cell activity is typically stimulated by the onset of tissue dysfunction. Several applications using these functions have already been implemented in medicine, including the reestablishment of the hematopoietic lineage via bone marrow transplantation, the development of stem cell-based therapy for type 1 diabetes and retinitis pigmentosa, and advancements in the cure for spinal cord injury.One important application...