Research Summary:
The main function of the epidermis is to generate an impermeable outer layer, the stratum corneum. The stratum corneum can be considered morphologically and functionally as a two-compartment system composed of: 1) anucleate corneocytes (the bricks), largely made up of fibrous protein networks, and 2) the intercellular matrix (the mortar), predominantly composed of neutral lipids.
Whereas much of the prior and current research on the stratum corneum has focused on the protein biochemistry leading to the formation of the keratinized corneocyte (“keratinization”), this paper is concerned with the formation, composition, and function of the intercellular matrix of the stratum corneum. For those interested in permeability barrier function, percutaneous transport, the cutaneous reservoir, and most inherited disorders of cornification, it is critical to understand the “mortar,” as it is this domain that regulates all of these important phenomena.
Keywords: epidermis, epidermal ultrastructure, epidermal lipid content, metabolism.
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